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Transverse planeĪ horizontal plane like a table top which divides the upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves of the body. Performing a cartwheel or moving from Warrior II into Triangle pose take place on the coronal plane. Coronal is from the Latin corona meaning crown or garland (although, personally, I think a pair of headphones is a more helpful image). This vertical plane divides the front and back portions of the body. Movements can be described as taking place in one of these planes, or in parallel with them. These are flat plates or surfaces that divide up the body. There are three main anatomical planes in the body. Anatomical Planes – or Planes of Movement So the distal end of the forearm is close to the wrist and the proximal end is closer to the elbow. Proximal refers to something closer to the torso of the body and distal is further away from the torso. Lateral is closer to the sides of the body. Medial is closer to the centre line (mid-line) of the body running from head to toe. Read more about Yoga for anterior pelvic tilt from David Lurey with a class for EkhartYoga members.Anterior pelvic tilt is when the front bony parts of the hips (the tops of the ilium) move forward and down, creating a more pronounced arch in the lower back. When something is anterior it is nearer to the front of the body. Posterior means closer to the back of the body. You might hear these terms in relation to the tilt of the pelvis. Terms relating to location in the body Anterior and Posterior

For lots more on the bones of the shoulder joint, and the muscles that move them, read Jennilee’s article: Our complicated shoulders and Chaturanga Dandasana.

EkhartYoga members can watch Anat Geiger’s talk on this in: Why can’t I do this?.

The humerus runs down to the elbow joint meeting the two bones of the forearm – the radius and ulna. As with the hips, the structure of the shoulder joint will play a role in how accessible some yoga poses are. The shoulder joint is made up of the scapula – shoulder blade, clavicle – collar bone, and humerus – upper arm bone.

Read more about this in: Tension versus compression in yoga and Yoga Hip Openers, where you’ll also find links to classes.

This is important to consider in yoga as it could be the structure of your ball and socket hip joint which makes some poses seem easy or impossible, rather than flexibility or the amount of practice you put in. The shape and position of the acetabulum varies from person to person, as does the angle of the head of the femur. The femur runs down to the knee joint where the patella (kneecap) is and meets the lower leg bones – the tibia and fibula. This is where the head of the femur – the ball shape at the top of thigh bone – sits in the pelvis and creates the hip joint. The three hip bones form a cup-like, concave structure called the acetabulum.

EkhartYoga members can learn more in Sandra Carson’s: Psoas, sacrum and core class.They have a larger part at the underside of the bones called the ischial tuberosity and it’s these bony protrusions you’ll hear described as the sit bones (or sitz bones/ sitting bones). The ischium bones are at the bottom and back of the pelvis. You may hear about the SI joint in yoga classes as it’s an area that can be vulnerable to injuries or imbalances. The sacrum is five fused vertebrae which form the triangular shaped bone at the base of the spine. The ilium join to each side of the sacrum at the sacroiliac (SI) joints. The hip bones start life as three bones per side – the ilium, ischium and pubis and eventually fuse together as we develop. The pelvis is made up of the sacrum and coccyx (tailbone) at the back, and two hip bones. EkhartYoga members can get to know their curves in this class from Lisa Petersen: Spinal integrity – finding your curves.The cervical and lumbar curves in the spine are described as lordotic (inward or concave), while the thoracic and sacral curves are kyphotic (convex). The spine, skull, rib cage and sternum (breastbone) together make up the Axial Skeleton. The spine is made up of four areas: the cervical (neck), thoracic (upper back, ribs), lumbar (lower back) and sacral(sacrum and tailbone).